Oncolytic Virotherapy in Cancer
نویسنده
چکیده
Oncolytic viruses are natural or genetically modified viral species that selectively infect and kill neoplastic cells. Oncolytic viruses as highly targeted agents that would mediate cancer cell-autonomous anticancer effects. The therapeutic potential of oncolytic virotherapy is not a simple consequence of the cytopathic effect, but strongly relies on the induction of an endogenous immune response against transformed cells. Superior anticancer effects are being observed when co-administered with immunostimulatory molecules. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as rare populations of tumor-initiating cancer cells that are capable of both self-renewal and differentiation. Extensive research is currently underway to develop therapeutics that target CSCs for cancer therapy, due to their critical role in tumorigenesis, as well as their resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Oncolytic viruses targeting unique CSC markers, signaling pathways,or the pro-tumor CSC niche offer promising potential as CSCs-destroying agents/therapeutics.
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